By E. Gamal. Point Loma Nazarene College.

No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction Teuscher E generic viagra jelly 100mg visa, Lindequist U purchase 100 mg viagra jelly visa, Biogene Gifte - Biologie viagra jelly 100mg with amex, Chemie, with the proper administration of designated therapeutic Pharmakologie, 2. Approved by Commission E: Flower and Fruit: The inflorescence is made up of numer- • Cough/Bronchitis ous, richly flowered racemes (cymes). Unproven Uses: Internally, Horseradish is used to treat The white petals are 5 to 7 mm long and broadly obovate. The drug is used for inflammation of the respiratory tract and for small pods are on 20 mm long, upright spreading stems. The seeds medicine, horseradish is administered for influenza, respira- are smooth. In cultivated varieties, it is thick and fleshy with Homeopathic Uses: Uses in homeopathy include eye inflam- numerous root heads, which are light yellowish-white and mations, upper respiratory tract inflammations and upper have horizontal underground runners. The lower mustard oils, the intake of the drug should not be carried out cauline leaves have shorter petioles and are lobed or comb- in the presence of stomach or intestinal ulcers or in patients shaped pinnate with linear-oblong, entire-margined or serrate with a history of kidney disease. The uppermost leaves are linear or almost entire- General: No health hazards or side effects are known in margined. Characteristics: The rootstock has an odor that is strong and irritating, and a sharp, burning taste. Pediatric Use: Preparations of horseradish should not be Habitat: The plant is indigenous to the Volga-Don region but administered to children under 4 years of age. Mode of Administration: Fresh or dried root that has been cut Production: Horseradish consists of the fresh or dried, or ground, freshly pressed juice or other galenic preparations peeled or unpeeled roots of Armoracia rusticana. It grows in fresh root; for external use, ointments and gels with a Asia as far south as Turkey and Iran. Homeopathic Dosage: 5 drops, 1 tablet or 10 globules every Production: Horsetail consists of the fresh or dried, green, •^T 30 to 60 minutes (acute) or 1 to 3 times daily (chronic); sterile stems of Equisetum arvense harvested in the summer. An Indexed kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, luteolin-5-O-glucoside, quer- Bibliography 1971-80. Caffeic acid ester (up to 1%): including chlorogenic acid, Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologic Chemie, jg| Pharniakologie. Pyridine alkaloids: nicotine (traces), palustrine (in the Wagner H, Wiesenauer M, Phytotherapie. Phytopharmaka und gamatophytes and in the rhizome styrolpyrone glucosides, pflanzliche Homoopathika, Fischer-Verlag. Internal preparations are used for post-traumatic and static edema, flushing-out therapy for bacterial and inflammatory Flower and Fruit: Horsetail appears in two forms during the diseases of the lower urinary tract and renal stones. From March to April the red-brown to straw yellow externally as a supportive treatment for poorly healing simple stem develops with leaves arranged in a number of wounds. The leaves are brown, fused to a sheath at the lower level with black-tipped, dry sporangia Unproven Uses: In folk medicine, Equisetum arvense is used cones at the tip sprinkling greenish spore powder. In May for tuberculosis, as a catarrh in the kidney and bladder and June there is a sterile summer form with 10 to 14 cm regions, as a hematostatic for profuse menstruation, nasal, high stems and numerous branches that are arranged in pulmonary and gastric hemorrhages, for brittle fingernails whorls at the nodes. The stem and branches are deeply and loss of hair, for rheumatic diseases, gout, poorly healing grooved, usually square and rough. Health risks or side effects following the proper administra- tion of designated therapeutic dosages are not recorded. Further information in: A doctor should be consulted when the drug is utilized as a Hansel R, Keller K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Hrsg. Mode of Administration: Comminuted herb for infusions and Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Comminuted herb for decoctions and other galenic Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel. Strain after 10 to 15 pflanzliche Homoopathika, Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New minutes. The corolla is cup- Compresses: 10 g drug to 1 liter shaped and larger than the calyx. It is occasionally white with Homeopathic Dosage: 5 drops, 1 tablet or 10 globules every thickened, velvety purple or light red, tubular scales. The 30 to 60 minutes (acute) or 1 to 3 times a day (chronic); nutlets are flat, ovoid and light brown. Storage: Horsetail must be protected from light in well- Leaves, Stem and Root: The plant is a biennial. The lower leaves are in rosettes, which form a tough, coriaceous sheath at the base. The root is Storage: The herb should be protected from light and kept gathered in the second spring and then dried. According to previous reports, cynoglossin has a paralyzing Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts are the fresh leaves Because of its high pyrrolizidine alkaloid content with 1,2- before flowering and their juice. Gargles are prepared using plant juice diluted with directly from the perennial fibrous root and form a dense, water and sweetened with honey.

The relief following pericardiocentesis is often Management temporary discount 100mg viagra jelly mastercard, so a fine catheter should be inserted for con- Bed rest and eradication of the acute infection generic 100mg viagra jelly with mastercard, i cheap viagra jelly 100 mg otc. Prognosis Disorders of the myocardium Depending on the aetiology the prognosis is usually good,althoughachroniccardiomyopathymayoccasion- Myocarditis ally result. Definition An acute or chronic inflammatory disorder of the my- Cardiomyopathies ocardium. These are diseases of the heart muscle, which may be primary (intrinsic to myocardium) or secondary (due Aetiology to an external or systemic cause). Myocarditis is often a feature of a systemic infection but r Primary cardiomyopathies include dilated cardiomy- occasionally septicaemia may lead to focal suppurative opathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and restrictive lesions. Protozoa: Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas’ disease), Toxo- r Secondary cardiomyopathies occur when ventricular plasma gondii. Dilated cardiomyopathy Clinical features Myocarditis is an acute illness characterised by fever and Definition cardiac failure. Patients often experience chest pain due Progressive ventricular dilatation with normal coronary to an associated pericarditis. Most cases are idiopathic but are often assumed to fol- low an undiagnosed viral myocarditis. Other factors: The myocardium shows an acute inflammatory reaction r Genetic: Single gene mutations and skeletal muscular with interstitial oedema and cellular infiltration. Chapter 2: Disorders of pericardium, myocardium and endocardium 69 r Familial: 30% of cases have relatives with left ventric- The impaired cardiac output leads to failure to perfuse ular dysfunction or enlargement. Investigations Many systemic diseases may cause the clinical features r Chest X-ray shows cardiac enlargement with signs of of dilated cardiomyopathy, e. Left ventricu- lar failure causes an elevated end-diastolic pressure with coronary artery disease, as this may present similarly resultant increase in pressure within the pulmonary cir- without any history of angina or myocardial infarct. Clinical features r Management Symptoms are dependent upon the degree of cardiac r General measures include bed rest, fluid restriction failure. Tachycardia boembolicdiseaseorapresenceofintracardiacthrom- is common and low perfusion results in peripheral bous should be anti-coagulated. Severe cases may vascular shutdown (small thready pulse, cold extrem- benefit from anti-coagulation without other risk fac- itiesandperipheralcyanosis). Ankle Prognosis and/or sacral oedema, mild hepatomegaly and jaun- Theprognosisisverypoor. Youngpatientsmaybetreated dice, due to hepatic congestion or tricuspid regurgita- with cardiac transplantation. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Macroscopy/microscopy The ventricles are dilated (left more than right), the Definition chamber walls are thin and the muscle poorly contrac- Hypertrophicorhypertrophicobstructivecardiomyopa- tile. Complications Aetiology Atrial fibrillation is common, particularly in alcoholic r Half the cases are due to an autosomal dominant in- cardiomyopathy, and bouts of ventricular tachycardia herited point mutation of the β myosin heavy chain, may occur. Mural thrombosis may occur in either ven- which codes for a component of the cardiac muscle tricle with the associated risk of systemic embolisation. This may raphy cannot obtain adequate views particularly in result in obstruction to the outflow of the left ventricle, apical hypertrophy. Clinical features Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy often presents similarly Management r β-blockade is the mainstay of treatment as this lowers to aortic stenosis with dyspnoea, angina, syncope, or sudden death. Initially the pulse is jerky with a rapid outflow due to hypertrophy, in the late stages ob- prevent ventricular arrhythmias and there is increas- struction results in a slow rising pulse. This may pertrophied septal wall (myotomy/myectomy) is in- be varied by dynamic maneouvres or drugs that can al- dicated with, where necessary, a mitral valve replace- ter the degree of functional obstruction. Surgical intervention is usually reserved for sound is often heard caused by ventricular filling due to severely symptomatic patients. ItisassociatedwithWolff– diuretics should only be used with care as these in- Parkinson–White Syndrome. Prognosis Macroscopy/microscopy Factors suggesting a worse prognosis include young age Hypertrophy is asymmetrically distributed. Disorganised branching of abnormal, short, thick muscle fibres, in which there are large nuclei. Chapter 2: Disorders of pericardium, myocardium and endocardium 71 Aetiology Disorders of the endocardium Amyloidosis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis, iron storage dis- eases (haemochromatosis) and eosinophilic heart dis- Infective endocarditis ease (endomyocardial fibrosis and Loefller’s eosinophilic Definition endocarditis). Pathophysiology Infiltrativediseasecausingadecreaseinventricularcom- Incidence pliance (increase in stiffness) affecting the myocardium. The result is a failure of relaxation during diastole, im- pairment of ventricular filling and compromise of car- Aetiology diacoutput. Valvesmayalsobeaffectedbytheunderlying Although infective endocarditis may occur on normal disease. Patients most at risk in- clude those with rheumatic valve disease, mitral valve Clinical features prolapse, bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation, ventricular Patients present in a similar way to constrictive peri- septal defect or persistent ductus arteriosus. Enlarged liver, ascites and peripheral The clinical pattern is dependent on the infective organ- oedema may all be seen.